Florida Scrub-Jay

Florida Scrub-Jay

Florida scrub jay

Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Family
Genus
SPECIES
Aphelocoma coerulescens
Population size
6,000-9,000
Life Span
4-15 years
Weight
66-92
2.3-3.2
goz
g oz 
Length
23-28
9.1-11
cminch
cm inch 
Wingspan
33-36
13-14.2
cminch
cm inch 

The Florida scrub jay (Aphelocoma coerulescens ) is one of the species of scrub jay native to North America. It is the only species of bird endemic to the U.S. state of Florida and one of only 15 species endemic to the continental United States. Because of this, it is keenly sought by birders. It is known to have been present in Florida as a distinct species for at least 2 million years, and is possibly derived from the ancestors of Woodhouse's scrub jay.

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It measures 23 to 28 cm (9.1 to 11.0 in) in length, and weighs from 66 to 92 g (2.3 to 3.2 oz), with an average 80.2 g (2.83 oz). The wingspan of the jay is 33–36 cm (13–14 in). It has a strong black bill, blue head and nape without a crest, a whitish forehead and supercilium, blue bib, blue wings, grayish underparts, gray back, long blue tail, black legs and feet.

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Di

Diurnal

Om

Omnivore

Ar

Arboreal

Al

Altricial

Zo

Zoochory

Te

Terrestrial

Te

Territorial

Mo

Monogamy

So

Social

Do

Dominance hierarchy

No

Not a migrant

F

starts with

Appearance

The Florida scrub-jay is native to North America. It has a strong black bill, blue head, and nape without a crest, a whitish forehead, and supercilium (a stripe on the head), blue bib, blue wings, grayish underparts, gray back, long blue tail, black legs, and feet. The Florida scrub-jay is the only species of bird endemic to the U.S. state of Florida and because of this, it is heavily sought by birders who travel from across the country to observe this unique species.

Distribution

Geography

Continents
Countries
Regions
Biogeographical realms

Florida scrub-jays are found only in Florida scrub habitat; it's an ecosystem that exists only in central Florida and in limited areas along the Atlantic coast. Here exist very ancient specific plants such as sand pine, sand live oak, myrtle oak, Chapman's oak, sandhill oak, Florida rosemary and various other hardy plants such as Eastern prickly pear.

Florida Scrub-Jay habitat map

Climate zones

Florida Scrub-Jay habitat map
Florida Scrub-Jay
Public Domain Dedication (CC0)

Habits and Lifestyle

Florida scrub-jays are social and very territorial. They live in family groups which consist of a breeding pair and their offspring. These families can range in size from 2 to 8. Fledglings remain in their parents' habitat for several years and help to rear young, watch for predators and defend territory against neighboring Florida scrub-jay family groups. Florida scrub-jays are active during the day and at night all family members roost together within their territory. When foraging, scrub jays usually hop, walk, run around in search of food or fly short distances catching insects on the wing. They routinely cache thousands of acorns a year, burying them just beneath the surface. The acorns are typically buried in the fall and consumed during the winter and spring. Florida scrub jays communicate with loud harsh shreeps or hiccup-like sounds made mainly by females and their song is composed of trills.

Seasonal behavior
Bird's call

Diet and Nutrition

Florida scrub-jays are omnivores. They feed on a wide variety of acorns, seeds, peanuts, insects, tree frogs, turtles, snakes, lizards, and young mice. They may occasionally eat other birds' eggs or nestlings.

Mating Habits

MATING BEHAVIOR
REPRODUCTION SEASON
March-June
INCUBATION PERIOD
17 days
INDEPENDENT AGE
10 weeks
BABY NAME
chick
web.animal_clutch_size
3-4 eggs

Florida scrub-jays are monogamous and form long-lasting pair bonds. Mating season usually occurs from March to June. The birds locate their nest in trees and build them from twigs and palm fibers. Clutches usually contain about 3 to 4 eggs which are incubated in about 17 days. The chicks hatch altricial; they are naked and helpless. Fledging occurs in 16 to 19 days and nestlings become independent when they are 10 weeks old. After about 2 to 3 years, the chicks leave their family group to form mating pairs of their own.

Population

Population threats

Florida scrub-jays are threatened mainly due to habitat loss for development and agriculture. They also suffer from the use of pesticides, vehicle strikes, human disturbance, and local predators.

Population number

According to the IUCN Red List, the total Florida scrub-jay population size is around 6,000-9,000 individuals, which is roughly 4,000-6,000 mature individuals. Currently, this species is classified as Vulnerable (VU) on the IUCN Red List and its numbers today are decreasing.

Ecological niche

Florida scrub-jays cache thousands of acorns that are often forgotten or missed and may germinate, making these little birds effective agents for the dispersal of a variety of oak trees.

Fun Facts for Kids

  • The Florida scrub-jay is known to have been present in Florida as a distinct species for at least 2 million years and is possibly derived from the ancestors of Woodhouse's scrub-jay.
  • Florida scrub-jays practice cooperative hunting of other species and have been observed to hunt snakes in pairs.
  • Florida scrub-jays may collect silverware and other shiny objects in a manner similar to the American crow.
  • Within each family group, birds take turns in watching for predators; these are called sentinels. If a threat is spotted, the sentinel gives an alarm call and family members dive for cover.

Coloring Pages

References

1. Florida Scrub-Jay on Wikipedia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida_scrub_jay
2. Florida Scrub-Jay on The IUCN Red List site - https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22705629/116891452
3. Xeno-canto bird call - https://xeno-canto.org/371888

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