Endemic Animals of Egypt

The Egyptian weasel (Mustela nivalis subpalmata) is a unique population of the Least weasel found only in northern Egypt. It was formerly considered a distinct species, as Mustela subpalmata. Less

Protocetus atavus ("first whale") is an extinct species of primitive cetacean from Egypt. It lived during the middle Eocene period 45 million years ago. The first discovered protocetid, Protocetus atavus was described by Fraas 1904 based on a cranium and a number of associated vertebrae and ribs found in middle Lutetian Tethyan marine limestone from Gebel Mokattam near Cairo, Egypt. Less

The Nile Delta toad or Damietta toad (Amietophrynus kassasii ) is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Egypt, where it is found from the Nile Delta to as far south as Luxor. Its natural habitats are swamps, freshwater marshes, arable land, urban areas, seasonally flooded agricultural land and canals and ditches. Less

The Sinai fan-fingered gecko (Ptyodactylus guttatus ) is a species of gecko. It is found in Egypt and the Middle East. Less

Tomistoma cairense is an extinct species of gavialoid crocodilian from the Lutetian stage of the Eocene era. It lived in North East Africa, especially Egypt. Remains of T. cairense have been found in the Mokattam Formation, in Mokattam, Egypt. Tomistoma cairense did not have a Maxilla process within their lacrimal gland, whereas all extant (living) crocodilians do.Below is a cladogram based morphological studies comparing skeletal features that ...
shows Tomistoma cairense as a member of Tomistominae, related to the false gharial:Based on morphological studies of extinct taxa, the tomistomines (including the living false gharial) were long thought to be classified as crocodiles and not closely related to gavialoids. However, recent molecular studies using DNA sequencing have consistently indicated that the false gharial (Tomistoma ) (and by inference other related extinct forms in Tomistominae) actually belong to Gavialoidea (and Gavialidae).Below is a cladogram from a 2018 tip dating study by Lee & Yates simultaneously using morphological, molecular (DNA sequencing), and stratigraphic (fossil age) data that shows Tomistoma cairense as a gavialoid, more basal than the last common ancestor to both the gharial and the false gharial:Tomistoma cairense may need to be reclassified to a new genera, as studies have shown that its inclusion makes Tomistoma out to be paraphyletic. Less

The Mount Sinai gecko (Hemidactylus mindiae ) is a species of lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is endemic to Egypt. Less

Hemidactylus foudaii is a species of gekko in the family Gekkonidae. The species is endemic to North Africa. Less

Mesalina bahaeldini is a species of lizard in the family Lacertidae. The species is endemic to Egypt. Less

The pale gerbil (Gerbillus perpallidus) is endemic to Egypt and is distributed mainly in the northwestern part of the country. It is also known as the pallid gerbil. The pale gerbil has pale orange fur, with white underparts, white forelimbs and white feet. The ears are unpigmented and the soles of the feet are haired, which is a characteristic of sand-dwelling gerbils.It averages 22 to 27 cm in length, and weights 26-49 g. Less

Flower's shrew (Crocidura floweri ) is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is endemic to Egypt. Its natural habitat is arable land. It is threatened by habitat loss. Less

The Egyptian pygmy shrew or sacred shrew (Crocidura religiosa ) is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is endemic to Egypt. Its natural habitat is arable land. It is threatened by habitat loss, partially caused by the construction of the Aswan Dam. They are 48–62 mm in length, making them one of the smallest shrews in Egypt. They weigh 7 grams. Less

Flower’s gerbil (Gerbillus floweri ) is a large gerbil distributed mainly in Egypt, from the eastern fringes of the Nile delta to the Sinai Peninsula, south of El Arish. Less than 250 individuals of this species are thought to persist in the wild, but it is not considered to be at threat, since it is common within its area of habitat (18.22 km2) and nothing poses a direct threat to it. This species is found in rocky desert, sandy coastal plains, g ...
rass valleys, palm tree groves and cultivated areas.The fur on the upper parts of the gerbil's body varies in color from pale cinnamon to tawny with an inconspicuous dorsal stripe. It has long ears which are unpigmented. The hind feet have hairy soles. It is usually between 111–213 mm in body length with the tail, usually longer than the body (140–158 mm). It weighs approximately 49–63 gm.The Flower’s gerbil is nocturnal and lives in burrows. It feeds on insects and plants. The breeding season of Flower’s gerbil is known to be from May to December. A female's litter usually contains four young after a gestation period of 20 to 22 days. The young are born with closed eyes and are hairless. except for some bristles on snout. They begin to walk after 8 days, open their eyes after 19–20 days and reach sexual maturity after 3 months. Less

Macaca libyca is a prehistoric macaque from the Late Miocene of Wadi Natrun, Egypt. Less

Chromodoris quadricolor is a species of very colourful sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusc. The specific epithet quadricolor means four-coloured, so-named because this nudibranch is yellow, white, blue and black in color. Less

Conus wilsi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. Less

Kermia aegyptiaca is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. Less

Cytharomorula dollfusi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Less