Endemic Animals of Malaysia

The Bornean ferret badger (Melogale everetti ) is a small, nocturnal mammal that is endemic to the island of Borneo. It is a member of the family Mustelidae and is one of five species of the genus Melogale. Less

The Malayan peacock-pheasant (Polyplectron malacense ) also known as crested peacock-pheasant or Malaysian peacock-pheasant, is a medium-sized pheasant of the galliform family Phasianidae. The closely related Bornean peacock-pheasant (P. schleiermacheri ) was formerly included here as a subspecies, but as understood today, P. malacense is monotypic. Less

The white-fronted falconet (Microhierax latifrons ), also called the Bornean falconet, is a species of bird of prey in the family Falconidae. Described by the British ornithologist Richard Bowdler Sharpe in 1879, it is endemic to Borneo, where it is found in Sarawak, Sabah, and extreme northeastern Kalimantan. An extremely small falcon, it is only 14–17 cm (5.5–6.7 in) long and weighs 35–65 g (1.2–2.3 oz), being the smallest species of falconet. It has glos ...
sy bluish-black upperparts, black flanks and outer thighs, and a black mask. The belly and vent are pale yellowish-brown, while the throat, cheeks, and breast are white. The species can be told apart from other falconets by the colour of its crown and forehead, which is white in males and reddish-brown in females. It has no subspecies.The species inhabits open forests, forest edges, clearings with dead trees, and cultivated regions with interspersed trees, and rarely in mangrove forests. It mainly eats insects, although it has also been reported hunting birds. The breeding season lasts from March to either June or April, with clutches of two eggs being laid in old barbet or woodpecker nest holes. It is classified as being near threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and is also listed on Appendix II of CITES. Threats to the species include deforestation, forest fires, and the cage-bird trade. Less

The Malayan crested argus (Rheinardia nigrescens ) is a large and spectacular peafowl-like species of bird in the pheasant family with dark-brown-spotted black and buff plumage, a heavy pink bill, brown irises and blue skin around the eyes. The head has two crests; the hind crest, which extends down the occiput, is erected when alarmed and during intentional behaviors including pair bonding and courtship displays. The male has a broad and ...
greatly elongated tail of twelve feathers. The tail covert (or "train") of the male is the longest of any bird and is believed to contain the longest (and widest) feathers to occur in a wild bird; the Reeves's pheasant has tail feathers of similar length but which are considerably narrower. The tail coverts measure up to 1.73 m (5.7 ft) in length, giving the bird a total length of 1.9–2.39 m (6.2–7.8 ft). Less

The black-crowned pitta (Erythropitta ussheri ), also known as the black-headed pitta, black-and-crimson pitta, black-and-scarlet pitta or black-crowned garnet pitta, is a brightly coloured, ground-dwelling, bird species in the pitta family. It is endemic to the Southeast Asian island of Borneo. It was described by John Gould in 1877, with the type locality recorded as the Lawas River in northern Sarawak. Less

The Malayan partridge, or Campbell's partridge, (Arborophila campbelli ) is a bird species in the family Phasianidae. This species is found in highland forest in Peninsular Malaysia. It is sometimes treated as a subspecies of the grey-breasted partridge. Less

The Dulit partridge (Rhizothera dulitensis ), also known as Hose's partridge, has been considered a distinctive subspecies of the long-billed partridge, a bird in the Phasianidae, or pheasant, family. It is endemic to Borneo, where it appears to be separated altitudinally from the nominate subspecies, and is often considered now to be a full species, Rhizothera dulitensis. It is little-known, rare, and has not been recorded since 1937. Less

The Malayan whistling thrush or Malaysian whistling-thrush (Myophonus robinsoni ) is a species of bird in the family Muscicapidae. It is endemic to the Malay Peninsula. Due primarily to habitat loss, its population is thought to be in decline. Less

Everett's thrush (Zoothera everetti ) is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. The name commemorates British colonial administrator and zoological collector Alfred Hart Everett. Less

The friendly bush warbler (Locustella accentor ), also known as the Kinabalu friendly warbler, is a species of Old World warbler in the family Locustellidae. It is endemic to the island of Borneo. Less

Leptobrachella brevicrus (sometimes known as the Dring's Borneo frog) is a species of amphibian in the family Megophryidae.It is only known from its type locality in Gunung Mulu National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia.Its natural habitat are stream sides in tropical moist montane forests. Less

Ichthyophis atricollaris, also known as the Long Bloee caecilian, is a species of caecilian in the family Ichthyophiidae. It is endemic to Sarawak, Borneo (Malaysia), and only known from its imprecise type locality, "Long Bloee, Boven Mahakkam, Borneo". The type series were collected during the Nieuwenhuis expedition to Borneo and were deposited at the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden. Less

Ichthyophis biangularis, the angular caecilian or Metang caecilian, is a species of amphibian in the family Ichthyophiidae endemic to Borneo (Malaysia): it is only known from its type locality, Mount Matang in Sarawak, where the holotype was collected in 1872 by Alfred Hart Everett. New specimens were collected from the type locality only in 2009. In addition, one larval sample was collected from the same region and identified as likely ...
Ichthyophis biangularis using genetic methods. Less

Ichthyophis dulitensis is a species of caecilian in the family Ichthyophiidae. It is endemic to Borneo and only known from near its type locality, Mount Dulit in northern Sarawak, Malaysia, after which it is named. Described by Edward Harrison Taylor in 1960, the holotype was collected by Charles Hose already in 1891. It is a poorly known species with uncertain taxonomic status. Common name Mount Dulit caecilian has been coined for it. Less

Pelophryne misera, the black flathead toad or Kinabalu dwarf toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to northwestern Borneo and known from Sabah and Sarawak (Malaysia), although its distribution is likely to be broader and might extend to Kalimantan (Indonesia). It was first described from specimens collected from Mount Kinabalu.Palawan toadlet Pelophryne albotaeniata from Palawan, the Philippines, is morphologically ...
similar to Pelophryne misera and might be its subspecies. Less

Feihyla inexpectata is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. This recently (2014) described species is endemic to Malaysian Borneo and known from its type locality in the Maliau Basin Conservation Area, Sandakan Division, Sabah and from Danum Valley, also in Sabah. Common name Bornean opposite-fingered tree frog has been coined for it. Less

Meristogenys jerboa is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is endemic to western Sarawak in Borneo (East Malaysia). Common names western torrent frog, Matang torrent frog, and Gunther's Borneo frog have been coined for it. Many cryptic species have been separated from this species. Based on mitochondrial DNA, current "true" Meristogenys jerboa still includes two major lineages. However, because the lineages occur in sympatry and do not ...
differ in morphology, Shimada and colleagues elected to treat them as intraspecific variants. Less

Ansonia vidua is a species of toads in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Sarawak, Borneo. Common names Murud black slender toad and widow slender toad have been coined for this little known species. The latter name refers to the black colouration of this species and the fact that no male individuals are known. Less

Ansonia torrentis (common name: Gunung Mulu stream toad) is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Mount Mulu in Sarawak, Borneo, Malaysia. It is known from beside a small, clear, mountain stream with a steep gradient. Its known distribution is within the Gunung Mulu National Park. Less

Ansonia guibei is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to northwestern Sabah in Malaysian Borneo. The specific name guibei honors Jean Guibé, a French zoologist and herpetologist. Common names Mesilau toad and Mesilau stream toad have been coined for it. Less

Metaphrynella pollicaris (common name: Malaysian treefrog or Malaysian tree-hole frog) is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to Peninsular Malaysia. Less

Pelophryne api is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae.It is found in Malaysia and possibly Brunei.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and intermittent freshwater marshes. Less

Ansonia fuliginea, the North Borneo stream toad or North Borneo slender toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Mount Kinabalu in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Less

Philautus gunungensis is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to the Mount Kinabalu region, in Sabah (Malaysia), Borneo.Its natural habitat is tropical montane forest at around 1,400–1,500 m (4,600–4,900 ft) asl. There are no specific threats to it, and its known range is within the Gunung Kinabalu National Park. Nevertheless, its small range makes it vulnerable to stochastic events. Less

Ingerophrynus kumquat is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Selangor state, Peninsular Malaysia, where it is only known from peat swamps near its type locality. This species is a peat swamp specialist that is locally abundant but is threatened by habitat loss caused by drainage and reclamation of peat swamps for agriculture. Less

Ansonia penangensis is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Penang Island, Malaysia. Records from elsewhere represent other species; the mainland records are referable to Ansonia malayana and Ansonia jeetsukumarani.Its natural habitats are rocky streams in rainforests. Less

Ansonia tiomanica (common names: Pulau Tioman slender toad, Pulo Tioman stream toad) is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Tioman Island (=Pulau Tioman), off the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Less

Ansonia platysoma is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae.It is found in Malaysia and possibly Brunei.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and rivers.It is threatened by habitat loss. Less

Pelophryne guentheri is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Borneo and only known from the lowlands of Sarawak, Malaysia, though it is likely to occur also in Sabah (Malaysia) and northeastern Kalimantan (Indonesia). Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forests and intermittent freshwater marshes. It is threatened by habitat loss. Less

Kalophrynus robinsoni (common names: Robinson's grainy frog, Pahang Mountain sticky frog) is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to Pahang in central Peninsular Malaysia. The specific name robinsoni honours Herbert C. Robinson, a British zoologist and ornithologist. This poorly known species has not been reported since 1922. Less

Pelophryne rhopophilia, also known as lowland dwarf toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Borneo and found in north-eastern and south-western Sarawak (Malaysia) and (likely) in adjacent West Kalimantan (Indonesia). Less

Leptobrachella platycephala is a species of frogs in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Peninsular Malaysia and only known from its type locality, Mount Benum in Pahang. Less

Leptolalax kecil is a species of megophryid frogs found in the Cameron Highlands of Peninsular Malaysia. It is only known from its type locality, but it is expected to have a wider distribution in the Cameron Highlands. This species may have been erroneously identified as Leptolalax gracilis. Less

Odorrana monjerai is a medium-sized frog of the genus Odorrana. Less

Leptolalax fritinniens is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae. Less

Nanohyla annectens, the Larut Hills rice frog, is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is found in Peninsular Malaysia; records from Thailand and elsewhere probably refer to other species.Its natural habitats are evergreen submontane and montane rainforests. It lives on the forest floor and in puddles and breeds in temporary pools. It is locally threatened by habitat loss. Less

Leptolalax sabahmontanus is a species of frogs in the family Megophryidae from Borneo. Less

Garthius chaseni, commonly known as Chasen's mountain pit viper, Chasen's tree viper, and the Kinabalu brown pit viper, is a species of venomous pitviper in the family Viperidae. The species is endemic to the island of Borneo in Malaysia. No subspecies are currently recognized. It is monotypic in the genus Garthius. Less

Anomochilus leonardi is a species of snake in the family Anomochilidae. The species is endemic to Peninsular Malaysia. No subspecies are recognized as of 2015. Less

Trimeresurus malcolmi is a venomous pitviper species found in East Malaysia. Common names include: Malcolm's pitviper, Malcolm's tree viper, and Mt. Kinabalu pit viper. Less

Trimeresurus sabahi, commonly known as the Sabah bamboo pitviper, is a venomous pitviper species endemic to the island of Borneo. Less

Hypsicalotes is a genus of the family Agamidae having a single species Hypsicalotes kinabaluensis found in Malaysia. Less