The golden bamboo lemur (Hapalemur aureus ), bokombolomena or varibolomena in Malagasy, is a medium-sized bamboo lemur endemic to south-eastern Madagascar.
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DiurnalDiurnal animals are active during the daytime, with a period of sleeping or other inactivity at night. The timing of activity by an animal depends ...
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CrepuscularCrepuscular animals are those that are active primarily during twilight (that is, the periods of dawn and dusk). This is distinguished from diurnal...
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HerbivoreA herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example, foliage, for the main component of its die...
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FolivoreIn zoology, a folivore is a herbivore that specializes in eating leaves. Mature leaves contain a high proportion of hard-to-digest cellulose, less ...
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ArborealArboreal locomotion is the locomotion of animals in trees. In habitats in which trees are present, animals have evolved to move in them. Some anima...
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AltricialAltricial animals are those species whose newly hatched or born young are relatively immobile. They lack hair or down, are not able to obtain food ...
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Island endemicIsland endemic animals are found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island. Animals or organisms that are indigenous to a place ar...
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ScansorialScansorial animals are those that are adapted to or specialized for climbing. Many animals climb not only in tress but also in other habitats, such...
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TerrestrialTerrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land (e.g., cats, ants, snails), as compared with aquatic animals, which liv...
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TerritorialA territory is a sociographical area that which an animal consistently defends against the conspecific competition (or, occasionally, against anima...
Among animals, viviparity is the development of the embryo inside the body of the parent. The term 'viviparity' and its adjective form 'viviparous'...
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MonogamyMonogamy is a form of relationship in which both the male and the female has only one partner. This pair may cohabitate in an area or territory for...
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Not a migrantAnimals that do not make seasonal movements and stay in their native home ranges all year round are called not migrants or residents.
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starts withGolden bamboo lemurs are amongst most endangered mammals in the world. They have pale orange fur on their backs with brown to gray guard hairs and yellowish undersides. Their face is black, with a short muzzle, and golden cheeks, throat, and eyebrows and short hairy ears. The males and females are usually similar in appearance, with females often being slightly more grayish on their backs.
The Golden bamboo lemur occurs in southeast Madagascar, in Andringitra Nature Reserve and Ranomafana National Park, in the tropical, moist, rainforests of giant bamboo.
Golden bamboo lemurs live in groups which often do not exceed four individuals. Typically the group has one adult male and female, along with younger adults or juveniles, being a family of a monogamous pair with their offspring. Groups occupy territories as large as 80 ha, but generally travel less than 400 m each day. These lemurs are crepuscular or diurnal, with a defined midday rest period. Most of their waking hours are spent foraging. Golden bamboo lemurs are very vocal, and have at least two different calls. They make a quiet “hard grunt”, which is possibly a contact call between family members, being sometimes responded to and then repeated by others, as well as loud call at night which may be for territorial purposes.
Golden bamboo lemurs are herbivores, eat mostly new shoots, leaf bases and bamboo grasses, particularly creepers of the Madagascan giant bamboo.
Golden bamboo lemurs are a monogamous species, mate with strictly one partner during a breeding season. The season runs from July to August. The gestation period is for approximately 138 days, and births occur once per year, in December. Usually a single baby is born, requiring several months of lactation and maternal care. Unlike other species of bamboo lemur, females nest with their young for their first 10 days to 2 weeks in secluded areas in dense vegetation. Golden bamboo lemurs practice oral transport and infant parking, mothers leaving their infants while foraging leaving them for 200 minutes on average, while they go up to 250 meters away. Weaning occurs at 6 to 8 months of age. Young stay with their parents in a family group until they are about 3 years old, when they start to disperse.
The Golden bamboo lemur is under threat by the ongoing loss of forest habitat as a result of the timber extraction and slash-and-burn agriculture. Even protected forests in Ranomafana National Park are under threat from illegal logging and other exploitation. These lemurs may be at risk also from the pet trade and from being hunted for food.
According to the IUCN Red List, the total Golden bamboo lemur population size is 630 individuals, with fewer than 250 mature individuals, including a total estimated population of 69 lemurs within Ranomafana National Park. Currently Golden bamboo lemurs are classified as Critically Endangered (CR) and their numbers are decreasing.
Frugivorous lemurs have been implicated as important vectors for seed dispersal in rainforests, but it is unknown what role they may play in propagation of bamboo.
Social animals are those animals that interact highly with other animals, usually of their own species (conspecifics), to the point of having a rec...