Hairy-tailed mole
Kingdom
Phylum
Subphylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
SPECIES
Parascalops breweri
Weight
40-85
1.4-3
goz
g oz 
Length
116-140
4.6-5.5
mminch
mm inch 

The hairy-tailed mole (Parascalops breweri ), also known as Brewer's mole, is a medium-sized North American mole. It is the only member of the genus Parascalops. The species epithet breweri refers to Thomas Mayo Brewer, an American naturalist.

Appearance

This animal has dark grey fur with lighter underparts, a pointed nose and a short, hairy tail. It is about 15 centimeters (5.9 in) in length, including a 3-centimeter-long (1.2 in) tail, and weighs about 55 grams (1.9 oz). Its front paws are broad and spade-shaped, specialized for digging. It has 44 teeth. Its eyes are covered by fur and its ears are not external. Its feet and snout are pinkish, but become white in older animals. Several adaptations to living primarily underground can be seen in the hairy-tailed mole. Its pelage is very dense and silky, and its feet are broad, flat, and heavy. Moles rely very little on their eyesight and have very small optic nerves. To accommodate its lack of vision, the hairy-tailed mole has sensitive whiskers and hairs on the tip of its nose and feet to feel its surroundings.

Distribution

Geography

Continents
Biogeographical realms

It is found in forested and open areas with dry loose soils in eastern Canada and the northeastern United States. Since it is a fossorial mammal, it needs moist but well-drained soil so that it can dig easily. The hairy-tailed mole prefers deciduous and coniferous woods, oldfields, and roadsides.

Hairy-tailed mole habitat map

Climate zones

Hairy-tailed mole habitat map
Hairy-tailed mole

Habits and Lifestyle

The hairy-tailed mole is cathemeral. Since it lives primarily underground in shallow tunnels it can forage throughout the day and will also forage on the ground's surface at night. The hairy-tailed mole is more active near the surface during warmer summer months and digs deeper underground in the cooler fall and winter months.

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This mole spends most of its time underground, foraging in shallow burrows for insects and their larvae and earthworms. It emerges at night to feed. It is active year-round. Predators include owls, foxes and large snakes.

This animal is mainly solitary except during mating in early spring. The female has a litter of 4 to 5 young in a deep burrow. This mole may live 3 to 4 years.

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Lifestyle

Diet and Nutrition

Hairy-tailed moles are insectivores and have been shown to starve if vegetable matter is the only food source available. The hairy-tailed mole's diet is mostly grubs, earthworms, beetle larvae, slugs, and ants, particularly when other food sources are not available.

Mating Habits

PREGNANCY DURATION
4 to 6 weeks
BABY CARRYING
4 or 5

Population

References

1. Hairy-tailed mole Wikipedia article - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairy-tailed_mole
2. Hairy-tailed mole on The IUCN Red List site - https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/41469/115188181

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