German Shepherds are medium to large-sized dogs. They have a domed forehead, a long square-cut muzzle with strong jaws, and a black nose. The eyes are medium-sized and brown. The ears are large and stand erect. The tail is bushy and reaches to the hock. German Shepherds have a double coat which is close and dense with a thick undercoat. The coat is accepted in two variants: medium and long. Most commonly, German Shepherds are either tan/black or red/black. Most color varieties have black masks and black body markings which can range from a classic "saddle" to an overall "blanket". Rarer color variations include sable, pure-black, pure-white, liver, silver, blue, and panda varieties.
Animalia.Pets
Animalia.Pets
Appearance
Gallery
Origin
Temperament
Training
Interesting facts
English
Appearance
Gallery
Origin
Temperament
Training
Interesting facts
English
German Shepherd
Other names:
Alsatian, Alsatian Wolf Dog
The German Shepherd is a breed of dog that was originally bred as a herding dog, for herding sheep. It has since been used in many other types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police work, and warfare. It is commonly kept as a companion dog, and according to the Fédération Cynologique Internationale had the second-highest number of annual registrations in 2013.
FCI group:
FCI section:
Male
Female
Withers height
60-65
23.6-25.6
cminch
cm inch 
Withers height
55-60
21.7-23.6
cminch
cm inch 
weight
30-40
66-88
kglbs
kg lbs 
weight
22-32
48.4-70.4
kglbs
kg lbs 
life span
12-14 years
Appearance
Coat type
Eye colour
Fur colour
Ears
Eyes shape
Fur length
Fur type
Tail
Gallery
View 10 more photos
Gallery
View 10 more photos
Origin
German Shepherds were bred in the 19th century in Germany. The father and creator of the breed is Captain Max von Stefanitz, who together with his team raised the dog for official purposes. He admired the intelligence, strength, and ability of Germany's native sheepdogs, but could not find any one single breed that satisfied him as the perfect working dog. In 1899, von Stephanitz was attending a dog show when he was shown a dog named Hektor Linksrhein. He was pleased with the strength of the dog and was so taken by the animal's intelligence, loyalty, and beauty, that he purchased him immediately. After purchasing the dog he changed his name to Horand von Grafrath and von Stephanitz founded the Verein für Deutsche Schäferhunde (Society for German Shepherd Dogs). Horand was declared to be the first German Shepherd Dog and was the first dog added to the society's breed register. Horand became the center-point of the breeding programs and was bred with dogs belonging to other society members that displayed desirable traits and with dogs from Thuringia, Franconia, and Württemberg. Breers bred different shepherds until they brought out the well-known German shepherd. For a long time, long-haired breeds were the first to be presented at the exhibition, and only after them, short-haired breeds appeared in the world.
Temperament
Even though German Shepherd is a loyal breed and very attached to a person, these dogs tolerate a change of owner much more easily. They love children very much and can play the role of a nanny or just a friend with whom you can be idle. It should be noted that the German Shepherds recognize only one owner-leader, who will have to train them in the future. They do not tolerate loneliness well, so if you do not want the dog to fall into depression - during the absence of the owner, it needs to be occupied with something. If a German Shepherd feels threatened, it will not think about the inequality of power and will protect the family to the last, even if he has to fight to the death.
Behavior:
Loyal to owner
Activity Level:
Active
Aggression
As a result of incorrect upbringing or insufficient socialization, the German shepherd can be prone to manifestations of aggression. Most often, aggression begins to manifest itself at the age of 3-4. But if at this age you react in time and direct the aggression in the right direction - there will be no problems and the shepherd dog can become a gentle pet that can protect the family.
Training
Physical activity is necessary for German Shepherds to properly maintain muscles and good physical shape. You need to work with the dog from an early age (8 weeks). From this age, you can form good character traits in a shepherd dog. Start training with basic commands and gradually increase the complexity and load. After each successful trick, praise the dog with treats and words. The German shepherd is a smart dog, so training promises to be interesting.
Activity Level:
Active
Interesting facts
- German shepherds are most often used as guide dogs and have never failed their mission
- German Shepherds can reach sprinting speeds of up to 30 miles per hour (48 km/h)
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- The German Shepherd has unrealistically strong jaws. The pressure of her teeth can exceed one hundred kilograms
- After World War II, there were many attempts to rename the breed to "Alsatian Shepherd", but the attempts were unsuccessful.
Keeping conditions
Diet preferences
Grooming
Common health issues
There are many prohibitions in the diet for German Shepherds. Let's figure it out. You shouldn't feed these dogs with:
garlic, legumes, cabbage, onion
mushrooms and nuts
sweet fruits
pork
sausage and other semi-finished products
river fish
fried, marinated, fatty, spicy
bones
Food that will be useful:
salmon, hake, trout, mackerel, cod
beef lungs
heart, liver
chicken hearts
two egg yolks once a week
fermented milk products
raw vegetables
low-fat cheese
German Shepherds, like any other dog, need to have their nails trimmed regularly to avoid discomfort when walking. In addition, this breed is prone to excessive secretion of earwax, so regular cleaning of the ears and the area around the eyes is equally important. It is recommended to visit the vet every year for ultrasonic cleaning, but apart from that, you can brush your shepherd's teeth at home with a special paste or gel with brushes. You can also brush your dog's teeth with special treats, bones, or strips. You should avoid frequent bathing and wash your dog only when necessary, so there is a great risk of drying out the skin. Shampoos, moisturizing masks, and conditioners should be used for bathing a German Shepherd. Avoid getting the shampoo in your eyes or ears.
Shedding:
Frequent
Grooming intencity:
Easy to groom
The German Shepherd is prone to the following diseases:
- The genetic problem of many shepherd dogs is joint dysplasia. Such a disease can lead to pain and limitation of mobility
- Cardiovascular diseases, such as cardio myopia
- With improper care, skin diseases are possible. Allergy, dermatitis, inflammation
- Problems with teeth. Periodontitis or rapid tartar formation. Therefore, it is important to take good care of your teeth
References
- German Shepherd Wikipedia article https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Shepherd
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