The Philippine long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis philippensis) is a subspecies of the Long-tailed macaque. It is known in various Philippine languages as matching /matsing or the more general term unggoy ("monkey").
Di
DiurnalDiurnal animals are active during the daytime, with a period of sleeping or other inactivity at night. The timing of activity by an animal depends ...
Om
OmnivoreAn omnivore is an animal that has the ability to eat and survive on both plant and animal matter. Obtaining energy and nutrients from plant and ani...
Ar
ArborealArboreal locomotion is the locomotion of animals in trees. In habitats in which trees are present, animals have evolved to move in them. Some anima...
Te
TerrestrialTerrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land (e.g., cats, ants, snails), as compared with aquatic animals, which liv...
Te
TerritorialA territory is a sociographical area that which an animal consistently defends against the conspecific competition (or, occasionally, against anima...
Vi
ViviparousAmong animals, viviparity is the development of the embryo inside the body of the parent. The term 'viviparity' and its adjective form 'viviparous'...
Br
BrowsingBrowsing is a type of herbivory in which an herbivore (or, more narrowly defined, a folivore) feeds on leaves, soft shoots, or fruits of high-growi...
Po
PolygynandryPolygynandry is a mating system in which both males and females have multiple mating partners during a breeding season.
Po
PolygynyPolygyny is a mating system in which one male lives and mates with multiple females but each female only mates with a single male.
Do
Dominance hierarchyA dominance hierarchy (formerly and colloquially called a pecking order) is a type of social hierarchy that arises when members of animal social gr...
So
SocialNo
Not a migrantAnimals that do not make seasonal movements and stay in their native home ranges all year round are called not migrants or residents.
P
starts withThe Philippine long-tailed macaque has a reddish-brown coat. Long-tailed macaques have backwards-directed crown hairs which sometimes form short crests on the midline. Their skin is black on their feet and ears, whereas the skin on the muzzle is a light grayish-pink color. The eyelids often have prominent white markings and sometimes there are white spots on the ears. Males have a characteristic mustache and cheek whiskers, while females have only cheek whiskers. Long-tailed macaques have a cheek pouch which they use to store food while foraging.
This subspecies is found on the Philippine islands of Balabac, Basilan, Biliran, Bohol, Busuanga, Camiguin, Catanduanes, Culion, Leyte, Luzon, northeastern Mindanao, Mindoro, Negros, Panay, Palawan, Samar, and Sibuyan. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, including rainforests, riverine forests, woodlands, and mangroves.
Generally, Long-tailed macaques live in social groups that contain up to 20 females, their offspring, and one or many males. The groups usually have fewer males than females. In social groups of macaques, a clear dominance hierarchy is seen among females. These ranks remain stable throughout the female's lifetime and also can be sustained through generations of matrilines. The social groups of macaques are female-bonded, meaning the males will disperse when they become reproductively mature. Females commonly practice mutual grooming, where lower-ranking individuals groom higher-ranking ones, due to which the former avoid intimidation, and get support during conflicts as well as access to limited resources of the group.
Long-tailed macaques are opportunistic omnivores and eat a variety of animals and plants. They eat fruits, crabs, flowers, leaves, fungi, grasses, and clay, supplementing this diet with various insects.
Long-tailed macaques are both polygynous (one male mates with multiple females) and polygynandrous (promiscuous) (multiple males mate indiscriminately with multiple females). Most births occur in May-July, during the rainy season. The gestation period lasts for 162-193 days, after which high-ranking females usually give birth to a single infant at an interval of 390 days, while others produce offspring every 2 years. The newborn baby is nursed until 420 days old. The age of reproductive maturity is 6 years old in males and 4 years old in females.
The biggest threat to the Philippine long-tailed macaques is hunting for food and sport.
The IUCN Red List and other sources don’t provide the number of the Philippine long-tailed macaque total population size. Currently, this subspecies is classified as Near Threatened (NT) on the IUCN Red List.
Long-tailed macaques eat durians and are considered a major seed disperser for this fruit.
Social animals are those animals that interact highly with other animals, usually of their own species (conspecifics), to the point of having a rec...