Rusty-margined guan
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
SPECIES
Penelope superciliaris

The rusty-margined guan (Penelope superciliaris ) is a species of bird in the family Cracidae, which includes the chachalacas, guans, and curassows. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay.

Appearance

The rusty-margined guan is 55 to 73 cm (1.8 to 2.4 ft) long. The nominate subspecies weighs 950 to 1,150 g (2.1 to 2.5 lb) and P. s. jacupemba 750 to 880 g (1.7 to 1.9 lb). The species' uppperparts are dark olive to brownish with the eponymous reddish margins on the wing coverts and scapulars. The belly is also rusty. The face is pale with a supercilium whose color ranges from white to buff or ochre in the different subspecies. P. s. jacupemba paler overall than the nominate and P. s. major is darker.

Distribution

Geography

Continents
Biogeographical realms

The nominate subspecies of rusty-margined guan is found in Amazonian Brazil south of the Amazon River. P. s. pseudonyma when treated separately is more westerly than the nominate sensu stricto. P. s. jacupemba is found from central and southern Brazil into eastern Bolivia. P. s. major is found in extreme souteastern Brazil, eastern Paraguay, and extreme northeastern Argentina.

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The rusty-margined guan inhabits a wide variety of landscapes across its large range. Examples include the interior and edges of heavy forest, gallery forest, restinga, woodlands in cerrado grasslands, caatinga, mangroves, and Eucalyptus plantations. It is generally a bird of the lowlands but can be found as high as 1,300 m (4,300 ft) in parts of Brazil.

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Rusty-margined guan habitat map
Rusty-margined guan habitat map
Rusty-margined guan
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Habits and Lifestyle

The rusty-margined guan is essentially sedentary, though in some areas birds roost in higher areas and move down to feed with an elevation change of up to 400 m (1,300 ft). It seldom flies more than about 20 m (66 ft) and usually much less.

Lifestyle
Seasonal behavior
Bird's call

Diet and Nutrition

The rusty-margined guan forages alone, in pairs, or in groups of up to 10 birds. It mainly feeds between about 5 and 10 m (16 and 33 ft) above the ground, but often feeds on the ground as well. Its diet is almost entirely fruit; one study identified the fruit of 117 plant species. It also eats small amounts of flowers, leaves, and insects.

Mating Habits

The rusty-margined guan's breeding season spans October to February in Argentina and August to February in southeastern Brazil; it has not been well defined elsewhere. Its nest is a platform made of sticks lined with live and dead leaves, usually built in a tree. The clutch size is three eggs.

Population

Population number

The IUCN has assessed the rusty-margined guan as being Near Threateed. It is reasonably common only in protected areas though even there poaching is a concern.

References

1. Rusty-margined guan Wikipedia article - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusty-margined_guan
2. Rusty-margined guan on The IUCN Red List site - https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22678370/92770303
3. Xeno-canto bird call - https://xeno-canto.org/706045

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