Snow Goose
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
SPECIES
Chen caerulescens
Population size
5.3-6.2 Mln
Life Span
20 years
Top speed
90
56
km/hmph
km/h mph 
Weight
2.1-2.7
4.5-5.9
kglbs
kg lbs 
Height
64-79
25.2-31.1
cminch
cm inch 
Length
70
28
cminch
cm inch 

The Snow goose (Anser caerulescens) is a North American species of goose whose name derives from the typically white plumage. These are birds of cold timberline that migrate more than 3,000 mi (4,800 km) from traditional wintering areas to the tundra. Their populations increased dramatically in the 20th century.

Di

Diurnal

He

Herbivore

Fo

Folivore

Gr

Graminivore

Se

Semiaquatic

Wa

Waterfowl

Pr

Precocial

Gr

Grazing

Te

Terrestrial

Te

Territorial

Co

Congregatory

Ov

Oviparous

Mo

Monogamy

Fl

Flocking

So

Social

Co

Colonial

Mi

Migrating

S

starts with

Appearance

The Snow goose has two color plumage morphs, white (snow) or gray/blue (blue), thus the common description as "snows" and "blues". White-morph birds are white except for black wing tips, but blue-morph geese have bluish-grey plumage replacing the white except on the head, neck, and tail tip. The immature blue phase is drab or slate-gray with little to no white on the head, neck, or belly. Both snow and blue phases have rose-red feet and legs, and pink bills with black tomia ("cutting edges"), giving them a black "grin patch". The colors are not as bright on the feet, legs, and bill of immature birds. The head can be stained rusty-brown from minerals in the soil where they feed. White- and blue-morph birds interbreed and the offspring may be of either morph. These two colors of geese were once thought to be separate species; since they interbreed and are found together throughout their ranges, they are now considered two color phases of the same species. The color phases are genetically controlled. The dark phase results from a single dominant gene and the white phase is homozygous recessive. When choosing a mate, young birds will most often select a mate that resembles their parents' coloring. If the birds were hatched into a mixed pair, they will mate with either color phase.

Video

Distribution

Geography

Snow geese are found in many parts of North America: everywhere in the USA and Canada, also Mexico, British Columbia, and Greenland. Populations that live in cold regions, such as Siberia, migrate each year to a warmer climate. In winter many of them are found in Central America. Their breeding grounds are low grassy tundra which has flat basins, no far from a lake, river, flood plain, or sea. They like coastal lagoons, marshes, estuaries, and tidal flats but are also found on prairies and agricultural lands.

Snow Goose habitat map
Snow Goose habitat map
Snow Goose
Attribution-ShareAlike License

Habits and Lifestyle

Snow geese are diurnal and tend to eat and be active during the day. Often they live in very large noisy flocks. They use vocalizations to communicate about territory issues, for establishing hierarchy, and with offspring and mates. They are very vocal and can often be heard from more than a mile away. During migration, they travel in large flocks of many family units. They fly both night and day and tend to go back to the same nesting year after year.

Seasonal behavior

Diet and Nutrition

Snow geese are herbivorous (folivorous, graminivorous), eating roots, leaves, sedges, and grasses. In the breeding grounds in the north, the most common source of food is the American bulrush. They can also be found foraging in agricultural fields for leftover corn, oats, and winter wheat. They also take in some sort of grit to help their digestion, sand or shell fragments serving this purpose.

Mating Habits

MATING BEHAVIOR
REPRODUCTION SEASON
May-June
PREGNANCY DURATION
23-25 days
BABY CARRYING
3-5 eggs
INDEPENDENT AGE
2-3 years
FEMALE NAME
goose
MALE NAME
gander
BABY NAME
gosling

Snow geese form monogamous pairs. Males are territorial in relation to other males, and females toward other females. May to June is the nesting period. The males approach females and perform various dances and make sounds. If she responds, the couple then spend several days together. They engage in dancing rituals, possibly also finding and sharing food. The female lays 3 to 5 eggs, which are incubated for a period of 23 to 25 days. The male guards the mother and the nest throughout. The goslings leave the nest within a few hours of hatching. They feed themselves but are protected by both parents. The young fledge after 42 to 50 days and will stay with their parents for 2-3 years. Females become reproductively mature between 2 to 4 years old.

Population

Population threats

The main threat to this bird is from hunting, despite restrictions to protect them from overhunting. The Snow goose may degrade its own habitat during the early part of the breeding season by grubbing vigorously when seeking food, not only compromising its own breeding success but that of nesting shorebirds. Snow geese will suffer from lead poisoning if they take in fallen lead shot while they are foraging.

Population number

According to the IUCN Red List, the total Snow goose population size is around 5,300,000-6,200,000 individuals. The European population is estimated at 1,000-2,000 pairs, which is around 2,000-4,000 mature individuals. Currently, this species is classified as Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List, and its numbers today are increasing.

Fun Facts for Kids

  • Snow geese fly in a V formation to help reduce wind drag or collisions.
  • Snow Geese chicks are well developed when they hatch, with open eyes and down-covered bodies. They grow very quickly, with the males outpacing the females.
  • Snow Geese make epic journeys by air, but they are impressive on foot, too. Within the first three weeks of hatching, goslings may walk up to 80.5 km (50 miles) with their parents from the nest to a more suitable brood-rearing area.

Coloring Pages

References

1. Snow Goose Wikipedia article - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow_goose
2. Snow Goose on The IUCN Red List site - http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22679896/0
3. Video creator - https://avibirds.com

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