Vipera orlovi is a species of venomous snake in the family Viperidae. The species is endemic to Russia.
The specific name, orlovi, is in honor of Russian herpetologist Nikolai Lusteranovich Orlov (born 1952).
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V. orlovi is found in the Caucasus area of Russia.
The preferred habitats of V. orlovi are forest, grassland, and shrubland at altitudes of 200–950 m (660–3,120 ft).
V. orlovi is viviparous.