Animals of San Marino

Wild Boar

Sus scrofa

The Wild boar (Sus scrofa) is a suid native to much of Eurasia and North Africa. The species is now one of the widest-ranging mammals in the world, as well as the most widespread suiform. It has been assessed as the least concern on the IUCN Red...

Red Fox

Vulpes vulpes

The Red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is the largest of the true foxes and one of the most widely distributed members of the order Carnivora, being present across the entire Northern Hemisphere. Its range has increased alongside human expansion, having been...

Barn Owl

Tyto alba

The Barn owl (Tyto alba) is the most widely distributed species of owl in the world and one of the most widespread of all species of birds. It is found almost everywhere in the world except for the polar and desert regions, Asia north of the...

Rock Dove

Columba livia

The Rock dove (Columba livia) is a member of the bird family Columbidae (doves and pigeons).  It is often simply referred to as the "pigeon". The domestic pigeon (Columba livia domestica, which includes about 1,000 different breeds) descended from...

Roe Deer

Capreolus capreolus

The Roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) is a small species of deer. The male of the species is sometimes referred to as a roebuck. In the English language, this deer was originally simply called a 'roe', but over time the word 'roe' has become a...

Red Kite

Milvus milvus

The Red kite (Milvus milvus) is a medium-large bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, which also includes many other diurnal raptors such as eagles, buzzards, and harriers.

Least Weasel

Mustela nivalis

The Least weasel (Mustela nivalis) lives deep in the Northeast Asian deciduous forest. It hunts day and night, aided by its sharp nails and long slender body. It is the world’s smallest carnivore. According to Blackfoot legend, this species is the...

Eurasian Sparrowhawk

Accipiter nisus

The Eurasian sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) is a small bird of prey in the family Accipitridae. Though it is a predator which specializes in catching woodland birds, the Eurasian sparrowhawk can be found in any habitat and often hunts garden birds in...

Fire salamander

Salamandra salamandra

The fire salamander (Salamandra salamandra ) is a common species of salamander found in Europe.It is black with yellow spots or stripes to a varying degree; some specimens can be nearly completely black while on others the yellow is dominant. Shades...

Common toad

Bufo bufo

The common toad, European toad, or in Anglophone parts of Europe, simply the toad (Bufo bufo, from Latin bufo "toad"), is a frog found throughout most of Europe (with the exception of Ireland, Iceland, and some Mediterranean islands), in the western...

Common frog

Rana temporaria

The common frog or grass frog (Rana temporaria ), also known as the European common frog, European common brown frog, European grass frog, European Holarctic true frog, European pond frog or European brown frog, is a semi-aquatic amphibian of the...

European Otter

Lutra lutra

The Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) is a semiaquatic mammal native to Eurasia. It is the most widely distributed member of the otter subfamily (Lutrinae) of the weasel family (Mustelidae). It is found in the waterways and coasts of Europe, many parts...

White Wagtail

Motacilla alba

The White wagtail (Motacilla alba) is a small insectivorous bird of the open country, often near habitation and water. It prefers bare areas for feeding, where it can see and pursue its prey. In urban areas, it has adapted to foraging on paved areas...

Great Crested Grebe

Podiceps cristatus

The Great crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus) is an aquatic diving bird noted for its elaborate mating display. It is the largest member of the grebe family found in the Old World, with some larger species residing in the Americas. These birds are...

Seven-arm octopus

Haliphron atlanticus

The seven-arm octopus (Haliphron atlanticus ) is one of the two largest known species of octopus; based on scientific records, it has a maximum estimated total length of 3.5 m (11 ft) and mass of 75 kg (165 lb). The only other similarly large extant...

Western Yellow Wagtail

Motacilla flava

The Western yellow wagtail (Motacilla flava) is a small songbird that can be found in Europe, Asia, and Africa. Its common name comes from characteristic tail-pumping behavior and the part of its scientific name 'flava' means 'golden-yellow' from...

Little Grebe

Tachybaptus ruficollis

The little grebe (Tachybaptus ruficollis ), also known as dabchick, is a member of the grebe family of water birds. The genus name is from Ancient Greek takhus "fast" and bapto "to sink under". The specific ruficollis is from Latin rufus "red" and...

Lesser Spotted Woodpecker

Dryobates minor

Lesser spotted woodpeckers (Dryobates minor) are the smallest European woodpeckers. They mostly forage for insect prey on the trunks and branches of trees and often communicate by drumming with their beaks, producing a reverberatory sound that can...

Common Pipistrelle

Pipistrellus pipistrellus

The common pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pipistrellus ) is a small pipistrelle microbat whose very large range extends across most of Europe, North Africa, South Asia, and may extend into Korea. It is one of the most common bat species in the British...

Northern Wheatear

Oenanthe oenanthe

The Northern wheatear or wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe) is a small passerine bird that is widespread in Europe and North and Central Asia. Its English name has nothing to do with wheat or with ear but is an altered or bowdlerised form of white-arse,...

European Roller

Coracias garrulus

The European roller (Coracias garrulus ) is the only member of the roller family of birds to breed in Europe. Its overall range extends into the Middle East, Central Asia and Morocco.The European roller is found in a wide variety of habitats,...

Greater Horseshoe Bat

Rhinolophus ferrumequinum

The greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum ) is an insectivorous bat of the genus Rhinolophus. Its distribution covers Europe, Northern Africa, Central Asia and Eastern Asia. It is the largest of the horseshoe bats in Europe and is thus...

Great reed warbler

Acrocephalus arundinaceus

The great reed warbler (Acrocephalus arundinaceus ) is a Eurasian passerine in the genus Acrocephalus.The genus name Acrocephalus is from Ancient Greek akros, "highest", and kephale, "head". It is possible that Naumann and Naumann thought akros...

Corn bunting

Emberiza calandra

The corn bunting (Emberiza calandra ) is a passerine bird in the bunting family Emberizidae, a group now separated by most modern authors from the finches, Fringillidae. This is a large bunting with heavily streaked buff-brown plumage. The sexes are...

Brown Long-Eared Bat

Plecotus auritus

The brown long-eared bat or common long-eared bat (Plecotus auritus ) is a small Eurasian insectivorous bat. It has distinctive ears, long and with a distinctive fold. It is extremely similar to the much rarer grey long-eared bat which was only...

Blue rock thrush

Monticola solitarius

The blue rock thrush (Monticola solitarius ) is a species of chat. This thrush-like Old World flycatcher was formerly placed in the family Turdidae. It breeds in southern Europe, northwest Africa, and from Central Asia to northern China and...

Argonauta argo

Argonauta argo

Argonauta argo, also known as the greater argonaut, is a species of pelagic octopus belonging to the genus Argonauta. The Chinese name for this species translates as "white sea-horse's nest".A. argo was the first argonaut species to be described and...

Woodlark

Lullula arborea

The woodlark or wood lark (Lullula arborea ) is the only extant species in the lark genus Lullula. It is found across most of Europe, the Middle East, western Asia and the mountains of north Africa. It is mainly resident (non-migratory) in the west...

Cirl bunting

Emberiza cirlus

The cirl bunting ( SURL), Emberiza cirlus, is a passerine bird in the bunting family Emberizidae, a group now separated by most modern authors from the finches, Fringillidae.It breeds across southern Europe, on the Mediterranean islands and in north...

Common Noctule

Nyctalus noctula

The Common noctule (Nyctalus noctula) is an insectivorous bat that is widespread throughout Europe, Asia, and North Africa. These bats hibernate in large groups and females migrate during early pregnancy to return to their natal maternity colonies...

Eurasian Skylark

Alauda arvensis

The Eurasian skylark (Alauda arvensis) is a passerine bird widespread across Europe and the Palearctic. It is a bird of open farmland and heath, known for the song of the male, which is delivered in hovering flight from heights of 50 to 100 meters...

Greater Mouse-Eared Bat

Myotis myotis

The greater mouse-eared bat (Myotis myotis ) is a European species of bat in the family Vespertilionidae.

Lesser Horseshoe Bat

Rhinolophus hipposideros

The Lesser horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus hipposideros) is a small insectivorous bat found in Europe, Asia, and North Africa. It is closely related to its larger cousin, the Greater horseshoe bat. As with all horseshoe bats, the species gets its name...

Serotine Bat

Eptesicus serotinus

The Serotine bat (Eptesicus serotinus) is a fairly large Eurasian bat with quite large ears. It has a wingspan of around 37 cm (15 in) and often hunts in woodland. Its name serotine is derived from the Latin serotinus, which means 'evening', while...

Common blanket octopus

Tremoctopus violaceus

The common blanket octopus or violet blanket octopus (Tremoctopus violaceus ) is a large octopus of the family Tremoctopodidae found worldwide in the epipelagic zone of warm seas. The degree of sexual dimorphism in this species is very high, with...

Common bent-wing bat

Miniopterus schreibersii

The common bent-wing bat (Miniopterus schreibersii ), also known as the Schreibers's long-fingered bat or Schreibers's bat, is a species of insectivorous bat. They appear to have dispersed from a subtropical origin and distributed throughout the...

Bechstein's bat

Myotis bechsteinii

Bechstein's bat (Myotis bechsteinii ) is a species of vesper bat found in Europe and western Asia, living in extensive areas of woodland.

Tawny pipit

Anthus campestris

The tawny pipit (Anthus campestris ) is a medium-large passerine bird which breeds in much of the central Palearctic from northwest Africa and Portugal to Central Siberia and on to Inner Mongolia. It is a migrant moving in winter to tropical Africa...

European mantis

Mantis religiosa

The European mantis (Mantis religiosa) is a large hemimetabolic insect in the family of the Mantidae ('mantids'), which is the largest family of the order Mantodea (mantises). Their common name praying mantis is derived from the distinctive posture...

Grey long-eared bat

Plecotus austriacus

The grey long-eared bat (Plecotus austriacus ) is a fairly large European bat. It has distinctive ears, long and with a distinctive fold. It hunts above woodland, often by day, and mostly for moths. In captivity, it has also been recorded to eat...

Rock bunting

Emberiza cia

The rock bunting (Emberiza cia ) is a passerine bird in the bunting family Emberizidae, a group now separated by most modern authors from the finches, Fringillidae.The genus name Emberiza is from Old German Embritz, a bunting. The specific cia is...

Eledone moschata

Eledone moschata

Eledone moschata, the musky octopus, is a species of octopus belonging to the family Octopodidae.