Arizona Black Rattlesnake

Arizona Black Rattlesnake

Black rattlesnake, Black diamond rattlesnake, Brown rattlesnake, Cerberus rattlesnake, Mountain diamond-back, Timber rattlesnake (incorrectly)

Kingdom
Phylum
Subphylum
Class
Order
Suborder
Family
Genus
SPECIES
Crotalus cerberus
Population size
Unknown
Length
78-109
30.7-42.9
cminch
cm inch 

The Arizona black rattlesnake (Crotalus cerberus) is a venomous pit viper species found in the southwestern United States. Like all other vipers, this species is distinguished by the presence of a heat-sensing pit organ located between the eye and the nostril on both sides of the head.

Di

Diurnal

Ca

Carnivore

Te

Terrestrial

Ov

Ovoviviparous

Am

Ambush predator

Ve

Venomous

So

Social

No

Not a migrant

Hi

Hibernating

A

starts with

Appearance

The color pattern of these snakes consists of a dark grayish, brownish black, reddish brown, or blackish ground color, overlaid with a dorsal pattern of blotches that are rectangular anteriorly, becoming subhexagonal posteriorly, eventually becoming crossbands just before the tail. However, specimens also may be a uniform dark color without any clear dorsal pattern, or the dorsal blotches may be even darker and bordered with white, cream, or yellow transverse rows of scales, or the color pattern may be quite pale with a significant amount of yellow mixed in. A postocular stripe is evident in lightly colored specimens, but not so much in darker ones. Arizona black rattlesnakes undergo morphological color change (gradual change due to changes in the number or quality of chromatophores); adults are less patterned than juveniles (also called ontogenetic color change). Some adults can change color relatively quickly, an ability shared not only with chameleons and other lizards but also with other snakes such as some species in the genus Tropidophis. The mechanism for their physiological color change is likely the same as that documented in the closely related Prairie rattlesnake (melanin movement within their dermal melanophores), but further research is needed to determine the stimuli for this phenomenon in this rattlesnake.

Distribution

Geography

Arizona black rattlesnakes are found in the United States, in Arizona from the Hualapai Mountains and Cottonwood Cliffs in the northwest of the state, southeast to the Santa Catalina, Rincon, Pinaleno, and Blue Mountains. They are also found at Steeple Rock, in extreme western New Mexico. These snakes inhabit woodlands, conifer forests, chaparral, semi-desert, and in or near rocky slopes.

Climate zones

Habits and Lifestyle

Arizona black rattlesnakes spend their life on the ground and are usually active during the day. However, when the temperatures get very high they can switch to nocturnal activity. Arizona black rattlesnakes usually spend their time singly but may hibernate communally when the weather gets cold. Females also give birth in groups in communal dens.

Seasonal behavior

Diet and Nutrition

Arizona black rattlesnakes are carnivores. They prey on mammals, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and their eggs.

Mating Habits

BABY CARRYING
4-21 young
INDEPENDENT AGE
7-14 days
FEMALE NAME
female
MALE NAME
male
BABY NAME
snakelet

Females of this species bear live young in broods of 4 to 21 neonates. Arizona black rattlesnakes are the first species of snake that exhibit complex social behavior, and like all temperate pit vipers, care for their babies. Females remain with their young in nests for 7 to 14 days, and mothers have been observed cooperatively parenting their broods.

Population

Population threats

There are no known threats to this species at present.

Population number

Presently, the Arizona black rattlesnake is not included in the IUCN Red List and its conservation status has not been evaluated.

Coloring Pages

References

1. Crotalus cerberus Wikipedia article - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crotalus_cerberus

More Fascinating Animals to Learn About