The silver-banded whiting (Sillago argentifasciata) is a narrowly distributed species of inshore marine fish of the smelt whiting family Sillaginidae that inhabits the coastline of a single province within the Philippines. The species' taxonomic status is still marginally uncertain, with the last major review of sillaginid fish by McKay proposing S. argentifasciata is a senior synonym of a related species, S. ingenuua. The species takes its name from a brilliant silvery strip running laterally across its body.
The silver-banded whiting shows the same basic body profile as the rest of the members of the genus Sillago, possessing an elongate, slightly compressed body tapering toward the terminal mouth, with two apparent dorsal fins. The species has a more curved ventral profile than most of its relatives however, and within its known range, this and the silvery band may be enough to identify it in the field. More definitive characteristics are the dorsal and anal fins, with the first dorsal fin possessing 11 spines while the second dorsal contains one spine and 17 or 18 soft rays posterior to the spines. The anal fin has two spines followed by 17 soft rays. Like all smelt-whitings, its body is covered in ctenoid scales, with a lateral line scale count of 66, while the cheek has three rows of scales, those on the upper row cycloid, and on the lower two rows ctenoid. The vertebrae count and swim bladder morphology for the species is currently unknown, but may be revealed by further collecting.
The silver-banded whiting's name is derived from the brilliant silvery longitudinal band which runs from the base of the pectoral fin to the base of the caudal fin. The body is an overall dull silvery white, while the breast and operculum are also a silvery colour. The upper portion of each dorsal spine and ray is sparsely dotted with black, while the other fins are hyaline.
The silver-banded whiting is known only from a single island in the Western Central Pacific; Lumbucan Island in Palawan, a province of the Philippines. Nothing is known of the habitat or biology of this species, and total contribution to local fisheries is also unknown. A number of species of whiting are taken in the region as food and are commonly marketed under the title of 'asuhos', with the silver-banded whiting likely among them.
