The Bismarck masked flying fox (Pteropus capistratus ) is a species of flying fox in the family Pteropodidae found in Papua New Guinea and named after the Bismarck Archipelago. It was once considered a subspecies of Pteropus temminckii before being reassessed in 2001. This species has two subspecies, P. c. capistratus and P. c. ennisae. The IUCN classified it as Near Threatened in 2009, noting that the rate of decline is almost high enough to reclassify the species as Vulnerable.
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The Bismarck masked flying fox is endemic to Papua New Guinea where it has been documented at a range of elevations from 0–1,200 m (0–3,937 ft) above sea level.
It is one of the rare species of mammals in which the males can lactate.It is generally solitary, though males and females may roost together in pairs.: 6
As of 2010, it is evaluated as a near-threatened species by the IUCN. It meets the criteria for this designation because of widespread habitat destruction across its range. It is likely experiencing "significant" population decline, though not higher than 30% over ten years, which would qualify it as a vulnerable species.