Neorossia leptodons is a species of bobtail squid native to the southwestern Pacific Ocean, from New South Wales (32°08′S 153°07′E / 32.133°S 153.117°E / -32.133; 153.117) to South Australia (33°58′S 131°22′E / 33.967°S 131.367°E / -33.967; 131.367). It lives at depths from 130 to 1,110 m.
N. leptodons exhibits sexual dimorphism. Females grow to 77.5 mm in mantle length (ML), while males are not known to exceed 42 mm ML.
The type specimen was collected in the Great Australian Bight, South Australia (37°18.81′S 138°36.3′E / 37.31350°S 138.6050°E / -37.31350; 138.6050 to 37°17.76′S 138°35.01′E / 37.29600°S 138.58350°E / -37.29600; 138.58350). It is deposited at the Museum of Victoria in Melbourne.
