Florida mastiff bat
The Florida bonneted bat or Florida mastiff bat (Eumops floridanus ) is a species of bat in the genus Eumops, the bonneted bats or mastiff bats.Until recently, it was classified as a subspecies of Wagner's bonneted bat (Eumops glaucinus ).It is endemic to southern Florida in the United States.This species has one of the smallest geographical distributions of any New World bat.It has been called "one of the most critically endangered mammal species in North America".It is protected under the Endangered Species Act.
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CrepuscularCrepuscular animals are those that are active primarily during twilight (that is, the periods of dawn and dusk). This is distinguished from diurnal...
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NocturnalNocturnality is an animal behavior characterized by being active during the night and sleeping during the day. The common adjective is "nocturnal",...
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CarnivoreA carnivore meaning 'meat eater' is an organism that derives its energy and nutrient requirements from a diet consisting mainly or exclusively of a...
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InsectivoresAn insectivore is a carnivorous plant or animal that eats insects. An alternative term is entomophage, which also refers to the human practice of e...
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ArborealArboreal locomotion is the locomotion of animals in trees. In habitats in which trees are present, animals have evolved to move in them. Some anima...
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TerritorialA territory is a sociographical area that which an animal consistently defends against the conspecific competition (or, occasionally, against anima...
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TerrestrialTerrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land (e.g., cats, ants, snails), as compared with aquatic animals, which liv...
Among animals, viviparity is the development of the embryo inside the body of the parent. The term 'viviparity' and its adjective form 'viviparous'...
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PolygynyPolygyny is a mating system in which one male lives and mates with multiple females but each female only mates with a single male.
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PolygamyPolygamy is the practice of breeding with multiple partners. When a male breeds with more than one female at the same time – it is called polygyny....
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ColonialColonial animals live in large aggregations composed of two or more conspecific individuals in close association with or connected to, one another....
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Dominance hierarchyA dominance hierarchy (formerly and colloquially called a pecking order) is a type of social hierarchy that arises when members of animal social gr...
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Not a migrantAnimals that do not make seasonal movements and stay in their native home ranges all year round are called not migrants or residents.
Hibernation is a state of minimal activity and metabolic depression undergone by some animal species. Hibernation is a seasonal heterothermy charac...
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starts withThis is the largest bat in Florida.Adults weigh 40–65 g (1.4–2.3 oz).Males and females are non-dimorphic in body mass.Forearm length is between 60 and 65 mm (2+3⁄8 and 2+1⁄2 in).Individual wing length is 108–115 mm (4+1⁄4–4+1⁄2 in), with male wings slightly longer and wider than female wings.As a molossid, particularly from the genus Eumops, the bonneted bat has exceptionally high wing loading and aspect ratios.As a member of the free-tailed bat family, the tail extends far beyond the short uropatagium.The short, glossy fur is brownish-gray to cinnamon-brown in color.The hairs are bicolored, with the base of the hair lighter than the tip.Some individuals have been observed with a white band across their abdomens that is variable in size.The ears of bonneted bats are large and forward-facing, their position giving the head a bonnetlike appearance. Their skulls have short, deep basisphenoid pits which aid in vocalization.Male bonneted bats sometimes have a gular-thoracic gland that may be used to mark females or a roosting site.Bonneted bats are non-migratory, and unlike other temperate bat species, they do not have periods of hibernation.
The bonneted bat is endemic to southern Florida. It occurs in several counties, including Charlotte, Collier, Lee, Miami-Dade, Monroe, Okeechobee, and Polk. Florida bonneted bats are more likely to be detected in agricultural areas, as well as areas that have a high mean annual rainfall.
It roosts singly or colonially and may form harems.Many observed roosts have a strong female bias, with one harem containing twenty adult females and only one adult male.Roosts usually have one dominant male, that can be identified from an open gular gland, the largest body mass, and the greatest testes length.Harems are maintained throughout the year, which is in contrast to other bats of the eastern US where social groupings are seasonally variable.
The diet of the bat includes beetles, flies, and true bugs.
The female bears a single pup.Pregnant females have been observed in April, June, July, August, and September.Juveniles have been observed in January, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, and December.Females are believed to be aseasonally polyestrous, meaning that they could breed and become pregnant at multiple times throughout the year. However, a population of bonneted bats in Babcock-Webb Wildlife Management Area has the highest rate of pregnancy in April, when 95% of adult females are pregnant, compared to 10% in August and 0% in December.
Social animals are those animals that interact highly with other animals, usually of their own species (conspecifics), to the point of having a rec...