The red tree frog, Leptopelis rufus, is a species of frog in the family Arthroleptidae. It is found in southeasternmost Nigeria, western Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, western Gabon, the lower Republic of the Congo, the lower Democratic Republic of the Congo, and northwestern Angola. It has been confused with several other species, in particular with the palm forest tree frog Leptopelis palmatus.
Adult males measure 45–55 mm (1.8–2.2 in) and females 74–87 mm (2.9–3.4 in) in snout–vent length. The dorsum is brown with darker irregular transverse bars. The tibia have 3–4 bars. The feet are fully webbed. The iris is golden. The tympanum is a rather small, a characteristic that separates it from similar species like Leptopelis palmatus and Leptopelis macrotis.
The male advertisement call is a series (about ten) long "yiin" cries. A male approaching a female may emit a different, quiet call, sounding like the meow of a young cat.