The Antillean mango (Anthracothorax dominicus ) is a species of hummingbird in the subfamily Polytminae. It is found on the Caribbean islands of Hispaniola (both the Dominican Republic and Haiti), Puerto Rico, the British Virgin Islands, and the American Virgin Islands.
In zoology, a nectarivore is an animal that derives its energy and nutrient requirements from a diet consisting mainly or exclusively of the sugar-...
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TerrestrialTerrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land (e.g., cats, ants, snails), as compared with aquatic animals, which liv...
Oviparous animals are female animals that lay their eggs, with little or no other embryonic development within the mother. This is the reproductive...
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Not a migrantAnimals that do not make seasonal movements and stay in their native home ranges all year round are called not migrants or residents.
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starts withAntillean mangoes of the nominate subspecies A. d. dominicus are 11.5 to 13.5 cm (4.5 to 5.3 in) long; males weigh 6.0 to 8.2 g (0.21 to 0.29 oz) and females 4.0 to 7.0 g (0.14 to 0.25 oz). Adult males have shiny bronze-green upperparts. The chin and throat are metallic green and the rest of the underparts velvety black with a bluish tinge. The tail is mostly violet; the inner webs of the feathers are coppery and the tips blue-black. The female's upperparts are also shiny bronze-green. Its underparts are grayish lightening to pale white on the abdomen. The tail is reddish violet with broad black marks near the end; the outermost feathers have white tips. The juvenile is thought to be like the female but with a black line down the center of the underparts.
Antillean mangoes of subspecies A. d. aurulentus are 11 to 12 cm (4.3 to 4.7 in) long; males weigh 4.8 to 7.2 g (0.17 to 0.25 oz) and females 4.0 to 6.4 g (0.14 to 0.23 oz). The male's upperparts are like those of the nominate. It has green flanks, a dark brownish gray belly, and a bronzy green tail. The female is similar to the nominate but has a brownish gray tail with the same black marks and white tips as the nominate.
The nominate subspecies of Antillean mango is found throughout Hispaniola and several of its small offshore islands. A. d. aurulentus is found on Puerto Rico, its offshore island Culebra, and the British and American Virgin Islands. It is apparently extirpated from the Puerto Rican island of Vieques. On Hispaniola it inhabits a variety of both moist and dry landscapes including clearings, gardens, shade coffee plantations, secondary forest, and coastal shrublands. It occurs generally below 1,500 m (4,900 ft) but is found (though rarely) as high as 2,600 m (8,500 ft). In Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands it is found almost entirely in lowlands below 250 m (820 ft), where it occurs in gardens and forest edges.
The Antillean mango is resident throughout its range.
The Antillean mango feeds on both nectar and arthropods, though details are not well known. It takes nectar from a wide variety of flowering plants and males defend nectar-rich territories. Insects are mostly taken on the wing and spiders from leaves and bark. It forages as high as 20 m (66 ft) above the ground. The species is the primary pollinator for the flowers Heliconia bihai and H. caribaea.
The Antillean mango's breeding phenology has not been studied; most information is anecdotal. It is believed to breed at any time of the year and perhaps twice a year on Puerto Rico. The nest is a cup of soft plant fibers bound with spider silk and covered on the outside with lichens and bark flakes. It is usually placed in a tree or shrub but on Puerto Rico has been found on human-made substrates such as power lines, antennas, and fences. The clutch size is two eggs. On Puerto Rico the incubation time has been reported to be about 15 days with fledging 22 to 25 days after hatch.
The IUCN follows HBW taxonomy, and so has assessed the two subspecies separately. It rates both as being of Least Concern. The population size and trend of the "Hispaniolan" mango are not known. The population of the "Puerto Rican" mango is not known and is believed to be decreasing. Both are generally common in coastal areas and "Hispaniolan" is abundant in dry areas. It has been extirpated from some small offshore islands.
